The area known today as Qinghai was under the control of the Han kingdom about 2000 years ago. It is currently a province of China. A large part of its area, until the early 20th century most often referred to by its Mongol name Kokonur in English, lies outside of China proper and has been an ethnic melting pot for centuries, mixing Tibetan, Han Chinese, Mongol, and Turkic influences. It was a battleground during the Tang and subsequent Chinese dynasties when they fought against successive Tibetan tribes.  Qinghai was also under Ming dynasty control during early time of the Ming, but later plagued with unrest.


The Xunhua Salar Autonomous County is where the Salar people live in Qinghai. The Salars voluntarily joined the Ming Dynasty. The Salar clan leaders each capitulated to the Ming Dynasty around 1370. The chief of the four upper clans around this time was Han Pao-yuan and Ming granted him office of centurion, it was at this time the people of his four clans took Han as their surname. The other chief Han Shan-pa of the four lower Salar clans got the same office from Ming, and his clans were the ones who took Ma as their surname.


From the late Ming to 1724, a big part of the area that is now Qinghai was under Khoshod Mongol control, but in that year it was conquered by the armies of the Qing Dynasty.[4] Following the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, the region came under local warlord control until the Northern Expedition by the Republic of China consolidated central control in 1928. Subsequently it became the primary base for Muslim warlord Ma Bufang, before the Chinese Civil War ended and the People's Republic of China established with control over Qinghai and most of the rest of mainland China in 1949.

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